Livestock · January 2025 · 6 min read
A successful calving season starts with thorough preparation weeks before the first calf hits the ground. Having the right supplies, facilities, and nutrition program in place reduces calf loss and stress on both cattle and caretakers. This checklist covers the essentials to get organized before calving begins.
Nutrition during the last 60 to 90 days of gestation directly affects calf birth weight, vigor, and colostrum quality. Increase energy and protein in the ration during this period, targeting a body condition score of 5 to 6 at calving.
Ensure adequate vitamin A, vitamin E, and selenium supplementation in the weeks before calving. Deficiencies in these nutrients are linked to weak calves, retained placentas, and poor immune transfer through colostrum.
Prepare a clean, well-drained area for calving that provides shelter from wind and precipitation. If using a barn, clean and bed stalls deeply with fresh straw. Muddy, wet calving areas are the leading cause of scours outbreaks in newborns.
Assemble your calving supply kit well before the first due date so nothing is missing during an emergency. Keep supplies in a clean, accessible container near the calving area.
🐄 Calculate feed requirements with our free tool:
Try the Livestock Feed CalculatorCheck calving cows at least every two to three hours, especially at night when most calvings occur. Learn the stages of normal labor so you can recognize when a cow needs help.
If a cow has been in active labor with visible feet or water bag for more than one hour without progress, it is time to examine her. Call your veterinarian if the calf is malpresented (only one leg, head back, or breech) or if the cow is not making progress after gentle traction.