← Back to Blog

Planting Soybeans: Spacing, Depth, and Population

Planting Guide · April 2025 · 5 min read

Getting soybean planting right from the start sets the ceiling for yield potential. Row spacing, seeding depth, and population decisions interact with your geography and management style to determine how the crop establishes and canopies.

Row Spacing Decisions

Narrow rows of fifteen inches or less close the canopy faster, improving weed suppression and light interception compared to thirty-inch rows. However, wider rows allow for cultivation and may be necessary if your planter does not have narrow-row capability. Research consistently shows a two- to four-bushel yield advantage for narrow rows in most environments.

Seeding Depth and Rate

Plant soybeans one to one-and-a-half inches deep into moisture, adjusting slightly deeper in sandy soils and shallower in heavy clay. Target a final stand of 100,000 to 120,000 plants per acre, seeding roughly 140,000 seeds per acre to account for germination and emergence losses. Higher seeding rates rarely pay for themselves in yield gains.

Seed Treatment and Inoculants

Fungicide and insecticide seed treatments protect against early-season diseases and bean leaf beetle feeding during the vulnerable seedling stage. Inoculants containing Bradyrhizobium japonicum are essential in fields that have not grown soybeans in the past three to five years. Even in fields with a soybean history, fresh inoculant often boosts nodulation and nitrogen fixation.

🌱 Plan your planting dates with our free tool:

Try the Planting Calculator